(Solved !!!!) Alamo Colleges District-Biol-1323-020 Class-Lecture Exam 2 (Chapter 5, 6, 7, 7.5, 8 & 9)

There are 40 multiple choice questions. You have 40 minutes (1 min. per question) to complete the exam. You have only 1 attempt so make sure to complete the exam once you click start. Do answer the questions you know well and then return to the questions that need a little more time to avoid running out of time and missing answering questions you know well. Good luck

1. The MOST common lipids found in food are

  sterols.

  glycerols.

  phospholipids.

  triglycerides.

2. A fatty acid with a 10-carbon chain and one double carbon bond is characterized as a

  saturated, medium-chain fatty acid.

  monounsaturated, medium-chain fatty acid.

  saturated, long-chain fatty acid.

  monounsaturated, long-chain fatty acid.

3. The process of adding hydrogen to an unsaturated fatty acid is called

  emulsification.

  pressurization.

  hydrogenation.

  deamination.

4. Which of the following lipids plays an important role in reducing a person's risk for heart

disease?

  saturated fatty acid

  trans fatty acid

  alpha-linolenic acid

  cholesterol

5. Why are phospholipids NOT considered essential nutrients?

  They provide no useful function in the human body.

  Phospholipids are not naturally found in the healthy body.

  Beneficial GI bacteria produce phospholipids.

  Our bodies manufacture phospholipids.

6. Which type of lipid is MOST abundantly found in fatty fish or fish oils?

 

 

  saturated fatty acid

  cholesterol

  omega-6 fatty acid

  omega-3 fatty acid

7. Which of the following hormones is produced from cholesterol?

  insulin

  estrogen

  epinephrine

  glucagon

8. Which hormone signals the gallbladder to contract?

  serotonin

  cholecystokinin (CCK)

  insulin

  lipoprotein lipase

9. The essential components needed to build a complete amino acid are

  carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

  carbon, an amine group, and an acid group.

  carbon, hydrogen, an amine group, an acid group, and a side chain.

  a pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nucleotide

10. How many amino acids are considered to be essential?

  twenty

  nine

  none

  five

11. What dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by the body?

  the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell

  the body's need for a protein

  the number of essential amino acids available

  the combination of proteins consumed in the diet

12. The process of mRNA copying the genetic information from the DNA's base sequence is

called

  transcription.

  translation.

  transamination.

  transferring.

13. Which of the following is a source of complete proteins?

  tuna fish

  whole-grain bread

  broccoli

  apple

14. Which hormone controls the production of hydrochloric acid and the release of pepsin?

  insulin

  pepsinogen

  cholecystokinin (CCK)

  gastrin

15. Which of the following represents a positive nitrogen balance?

  severe weight loss

  pregnancy

  extended bed rest

  increased body fat

16. The primary high-energy molecule in human metabolism is

  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

  adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

  glucose.

  creatine phosphate.

17. A molecule that gives up electrons is

  hydrolyzed.

  reduced.

  oxidized.

  condensed.

18. What are the three end products of the oxidation-reduction reactions involved in

metabolism?

  glucose, pyruvate, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

  acetyl CoA, nitrogen, and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

  water, carbon dioxide, and ATP

  sucrose, lactate, and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)

19. A cofactor that contains carbon is known as a

  carbohydrate.

  coenzyme.

  carnitine.

  lipid.

20. What is the end product after glucose undergoes glycolysis?

  glucose-6-phosphate

  glucagon

  pyruvate

  maltose

21. Which of the following cells rely on anaerobic metabolism for adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

production?

  red blood cells

  epidermal cells

  neurons

  liver cells

22. Which of the following situations will result in a buildup of ketones in the blood?

  excess of tricarboxyl acid (TCA)-cycle intermediates

  high-carbohydrate diet

  low carbohydrate availability

  low levels of acetyl CoA due to increased fat mobilization

23. In the early 1900s, Japanese children who did not consume fish developed a form of

blindness. Which vitamin were they deficient in?

  vitamin C

  vitamin A

  vitamin D

  vitamin E

24. A deficiency in which vitamin causes the disease beriberi?

  niacin

  cobalamin

  ascorbic acid

  thiamin

25. How many water-soluble vitamins are essential for human health?

  5

  9

  7

  2

26. You are reading a label and the ingredients list includes pyridoxine as an additive. Which

vitamin has been added to this food?

  vitamin C

  vitamin B12

  vitamin B6

  vitamin A

27. Which of the following is classified as an ultra-trace mineral?

  zinc

  calcium

  copper

  manganese

28. An individual with a gastrointestinal disorder that reduces his absorption of dietary fat is

MOST likely to become deficient in which of the following micronutrients?

  vitamin C

  sulfur

  vitamin E

  sodium

29. The primary role of most of the B-vitamins is to

  maintain and repair body tissues.

  maintain acid-base balance.

  act as coenzymes.

  directly provide the body with energy.

30. Which B-vitamin is part of the coenzymes FAD and FMN that aid in carbohydrate and fat

metabolism?

  riboflavin

  thiamin

  folate

  niacin

31. Which of the following vitamins is involved in breaking glucose down into a smaller molecule

that can be taken up by the TCA cycle?

  valine

  riboflavin

  ascorbic acid

  thiamin

32. Low intakes of vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 are linked to

  reduction in antibody levels.

  high blood levels of heme iron.

  high blood levels of homocysteine.

  low blood levels of homocysteine.

33. Which of the following is a vitamin-like substance involved in energy metabolism?

  riboflavin

  iodine

  choline

  folate

34. Approximately one third of riboflavin is supplied in the American diet by

  meat.

  milk and milk products.

  eggs.

  fruit.

35. Approximately what percentage of the body is composed of fluid?

  50 - 70%

  60 - 80%

  30 - 45%

  10 - 20%

36. Who would have the highest percent of total body water?

  20-year-old obese female

  20-year-old lean female

  20-year-old obese male

  20-year-old lean male

37. What is the function of aldosterone?

  signals the kidneys to release sodium and chloride

  stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water (reducing urine output)

  signals the kidneys to retain sodium and chloride

  stimulates the kidneys to filter out more water (increasing urine output)

38. Which organ plays a central role in the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure?

  pancreas

  small intestine

  kidneys

  liver

39. Water has a high heat capacity. What does this term mean?

  Water heats up or cools down very quickly.

  It takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water.

  Water provides a useful source of stored kilocalories.

  Water transports the energy-yielding nutrients throughout the body.

40. Which region of the brain controls fluid intake?

  brain stem

  central sulcus

  pituitary gland

  hypothalamus